Mathew 5:38-42

"You have heard that it was said, 'AN EYE FOR AN EYE, AND A TOOTH FOR A TOOTH.'

"But I say to you, do not resist an evil person; but whoever slaps you on your right cheek, turn the other to him also.

"If anyone wants to sue you and take your shirt, let him have your coat also.

"Whoever forces you to go one mile, go with him two.

"Give to him who asks of you, and do not turn away from him who wants to borrow from you.

Luke 6:

"But I say to you who hear, love your enemies, do good to those who hate you,

bless those who curse you, pray for those who mistreat you.

"Whoever hits you on the cheek, offer him the other also; and whoever takes away your coat, do not withhold your shirt from him either.

"Give to everyone who asks of you, and whoever takes away what is yours, do not demand it back.

"Treat others the same way you want them to treat you.

"If you love those who love you, what credit is that to you? For even sinners love those who love them.

"If you do good to those who do good to you, what credit is that to you? For even sinners do the same.

"If you lend to those from whom you expect to receive, what credit is that to you? Even sinners lend to sinners in order to receive back the same amount.

"But love your enemies, and do good, and lend, expecting nothing in return; and your reward will be great, and you will be sons of the Most High; for He Himself is kind to ungrateful and evil men.

"Be merciful, just as your Father is merciful.

Resources
TURN TO HIM THE OTHER CHEEK
What did Jesus mean when He instructed us to turn the other cheek?
Grace to you - Turn the Other Cheek
Culture Watch - Difficult Bible Passages: Matthew 5:39

Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Concise)
Verses 38-42 The plain instruction is, Suffer any injury that can be borne, for the sake of peace, committing your concerns to the Lord's keeping. And the sum of all is, that Christians must avoid disputing and striving. If any say, Flesh and blood cannot pass by such an affront, let them remember, that flesh and blood shall not inherit the kingdom of God; and those who act upon right principles will have most peace and comfort.

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
38. Ye have heard that it hath been said--( Exodus 21:23-25 , Leviticus 24:19 Leviticus 24:20 , Deuteronomy 19:21 ). An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth--that is, whatever penalty was regarded as a proper equivalent for these. This law of retribution--designed to take vengeance out of the hands of private persons, and commit it to the magistrate--was abused in the opposite way to the commandments of the Decalogue. While they were reduced to the level of civil enactments, this judicial regulation was held to be a warrant for taking redress into their own hands, contrary to the injunctions of the Old Testament itself ( Proverbs 20:22 , 24:29 ).


39. But I say unto you, That ye resist not evil; but whosoever shall smite thee on thy right check, turn to him the other also--Our Lord's own meek, yet dignified bearing, when smitten rudely on the cheek ( John 18:22 John 18:23 ), and not literally presenting the other, is the best comment on these words. It is the preparedness, after one indignity, not to invite but to submit meekly to another, without retaliation, which this strong language is meant to convey.


40. And if any man will sue thee at the law, and take way thy coat--the inner garment; in pledge for a debt ( Exodus 22:26 Exodus 22:27 ). let him have thy cloak also--the outer and more costly garment. This overcoat was not allowed to be retained over night as a pledge from the poor because they used it for a bed covering.


41. And whosoever shall compel thee to go a mile, go with him twain--an allusion, probably, to the practice of the Romans and some Eastern nations, who, when government despatches had to be forwarded, obliged the people not only to furnish horses and carriage.s, but to give personal attendance, often at great inconvenience, when required. But the thing here demanded is a readiness to submit to unreasonable demands of whatever kind, rather than raise quarrels, with all the evils resulting from them. What follows is a beautiful extension of this precept.


42. Give to him that asketh thee--The sense of unreasonable asking is here implied (compare Luke 6:30 ). and from him that would borrow of thee turn not thou away--Though the word signifies classically "to have money lent to one on security," or "with interest," yet as this was not the original sense of the word, and as usury was forbidden among the Jews ( Exodus 22:25 , &c.), it is doubtless simple borrowing which our Lord here means, as indeed the whole strain of the exhortation implies. This shows that such counsels as "Owe no man anything" ( Romans 13:8 ), are not to be taken absolutely; else the Scripture commendations of the righteous for "lending" to his necessitous brother ( Psalms 37:36 , 112:5 , Luke 6:37 ) would have no application.
turn not thou away--a graphic expression of unfeeling refusal to relieve a brother in extremity.